一、播放rtsp协议流
如果 webrtc 流以 rtsp 协议返回,流地址如:rtsp://127.0.0.1:5115/session.mpg,uniapp的
二、播放webrtc协议流
如果 webrtc 流以 webrtc 协议返回,流地址如:webrtc://127.0.0.1:1988/live/livestream,我们需要通过sdp协商、连接推流服务端、搭建音视频流通道来播放音视频流,通常有500毫秒左右的延迟。
封装 WebrtcVideo 组件
import $ from "./jquery-1.10.2.min.js";
import {<!-- -->prepareUrl} from "./utils.js";
export default {<!-- -->
data() {<!-- -->
return {<!-- -->
//RTCPeerConnection 对象
peerConnection: null,
//需要播放的webrtc流地址
playUrl: 'webrtc://127.0.0.1:1988/live/livestream'
}
},
methods: {<!-- -->
createPeerConnection() {<!-- -->
const that = this
//创建 WebRTC 通信通道
that.peerConnection = new RTCPeerConnection(null);
//添加一个单向的音视频流收发器
that.peerConnection.addTransceiver("audio", {<!-- --> direction: "recvonly" });
that.peerConnection.addTransceiver("video", {<!-- --> direction: "recvonly" });
//收到服务器码流,将音视频流写入播放器
that.peerConnection.ontrack = (event) => {<!-- -->
const remoteVideo = document.getElementById("rtc_media_player");
if (remoteVideo.srcObject !== event.streams[0]) {<!-- -->
remoteVideo.srcObject = event.streams[0];
}
};
},
async makeCall() {<!-- -->
const that = this
const url = this.playUrl
this.createPeerConnection()
//拼接服务端请求地址,如:http://192.168.0.1:1988/rtc/v1/play/
const conf = prepareUrl(url);
//生成 offer sdp
const offer = await this.peerConnection.createOffer();
await this.peerConnection.setLocalDescription(offer);
var session = await new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {<!-- -->
$.ajax({<!-- -->
type: "POST",
url: conf.apiUrl,
data: offer.sdp,
contentType: "text/plain",
dataType: "json",
crossDomain: true,
})
.done(function (data) {<!-- -->
//服务端返回 answer sdp
if (data.code) {<!-- -->
reject(data);
return;
}
resolve(data);
})
.fail(function (reason) {<!-- -->
reject(reason);
});
});
//设置远端的描述信息,协商sdp,通过后搭建通道成功
await this.peerConnection.setRemoteDescription(
new RTCSessionDescription({<!-- --> type: "answer", sdp: session.sdp })
);
session.simulator = conf.schema + '//' + conf.urlObject.server + ':' + conf.port + '/rtc/v1/nack/'
return session;
}
},
mounted() {<!-- -->
try {<!-- -->
this.makeCall().then((res) => {<!-- -->
// webrtc 通道建立成功
})
} catch (error) {<!-- -->
// webrtc 通道建立失败
console.log(error)
}
}
}
utils.js
const defaultPath = "/rtc/v1/play/"; export const prepareUrl = webrtcUrl => { var urlObject = parseUrl(webrtcUrl); var schema = "http:"; var port = urlObject.port || 1985; if (schema === "https:") { port = urlObject.port || 443; } // @see https://github.com/rtcdn/rtcdn-draft var api = urlObject.user_query.play || defaultPath; if (api.lastIndexOf("/") !== api.length - 1) { api += "/"; } apiUrl = schema + "//" + urlObject.server + ":" + port + api; for (var key in urlObject.user_query) { if (key !== "api" && key !== "play") { apiUrl += "&" + key + "=" + urlObject.user_query[key]; } } // Replace /rtc/v1/play/&k=v to /rtc/v1/play/?k=v var apiUrl = apiUrl.replace(api + "&", api + "?"); var streamUrl = urlObject.url; return { apiUrl: apiUrl, streamUrl: streamUrl, schema: schema, urlObject: urlObject, port: port, tid: Number(parseInt(new Date().getTime() * Math.random() * 100)) .toString(16) .substr(0, 7) }; }; export const parseUrl = url => { // @see: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10469575/how-to-use-location-object-to-parse-url-without-redirecting-the-page-in-javascri var a = document.createElement("a"); a.href = url .replace("rtmp://", "http://") .replace("webrtc://", "http://") .replace("rtc://", "http://"); var vhost = a.hostname; var app = a.pathname.substr(1, a.pathname.lastIndexOf("/") - 1); var stream = a.pathname.substr(a.pathname.lastIndexOf("/") + 1); // parse the vhost in the params of app, that srs supports. app = app.replace("...vhost...", "?vhost="); if (app.indexOf("?") >= 0) { var params = app.substr(app.indexOf("?")); app = app.substr(0, app.indexOf("?")); if (params.indexOf("vhost=") > 0) { vhost = params.substr(params.indexOf("vhost=") + "vhost=".length); if (vhost.indexOf("&") > 0) { vhost = vhost.substr(0, vhost.indexOf("&")); } } } // when vhost equals to server, and server is ip, // the vhost is __defaultVhost__ if (a.hostname === vhost) { var re = /^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)$/; if (re.test(a.hostname)) { vhost = "__defaultVhost__"; } } // parse the schema var schema = "rtmp"; if (url.indexOf("://") > 0) { schema = url.substr(0, url.indexOf("://")); } var port = a.port; if (!port) { if (schema === "http") { port = 80; } else if (schema === "https") { port = 443; } else if (schema === "rtmp") { port = 1935; } } var ret = { url: url, schema: schema, server: a.hostname, port: port, vhost: vhost, app: app, stream: stream }; fill_query(a.search, ret); // For webrtc API, we use 443 if page is https, or schema specified it. if (!ret.port) { if (schema === "webrtc" || schema === "rtc") { if (ret.user_query.schema === "https") { ret.port = 443; } else if (window.location.href.indexOf("https://") === 0) { ret.port = 443; } else { // For WebRTC, SRS use 1985 as default API port. ret.port = 1985; } } } return ret; }; export const fill_query = (query_string, obj) => { // pure user query object. obj.user_query = {}; if (query_string.length === 0) { return; } // split again for angularjs. if (query_string.indexOf("?") >= 0) { query_string = query_string.split("?")[1]; } var queries = query_string.split("&"); for (var i = 0; i < queries.length; i++) { var elem = queries[i]; var query = elem.split("="); obj[query[0]] = query[1]; obj.user_query[query[0]] = query[1]; } // alias domain for vhost. if (obj.domain) { obj.vhost = obj.domain; } };
页面中使用
需要注意的事项:
1.spd 协商的重要标识之一为媒体描述: m=xxx
一个完整的媒体描述,从第一个m=xxx
对照 m=video 后边的编码发现,其包含所有 a=rtpmap 后的编码,a=rtpmap 编码后的字符串代表视频流格式,但视频编码与视频流格式却不是固定的匹配关系,也就是说,在设备A中,可能存在 a=rtpmap:106 H264/90000 表示h264,在设备B中,a=rtpmap:100 H264/90000 表示h264。
因此,如果要鉴别设备允许播放的视频流格式,我们需要观察 a=rtpmap code 后的字符串。
协商通过的部分标准为:
- offer sdp 的 m=xxx 数量需要与 answer sdp 的 m=xxx 数量保持一致;
- offer sdp 的 m=xxx 顺序需要与 answer sdp 的 m=xxx 顺序保持一致;如两者都需要将 m=audio 放在第一位,m=video放在第二位,或者反过来;
- answer sdp 返回的 m=audio 后的 ,需要被包含在 offer sdp 的 m=audio 后的中;
offer sdp 的 m=xxx 由 addTransceiver 创建,首个参数为 audio 时,生成 m=audio,首个参数为video时,生成 m=video ,创建顺序对应 m=xxx 顺序
"recvonly" }); that.peerConnection.addTransceiver("video", { direction: "recvonly" }); ```
- 在 sdp 中存在一项 a=mid:xxx xxx在浏览器中可能为 audio、video ,在 android 设备上为 0、1,服务端需注意与 offer sdp 匹配。
- 关于音视频流收发器,上面使用的api是 addTransceiver ,但在部分android设备上会提示没有这个api,我们可以替换为 getUserMedia + addTrack:
data() { return { ...... localStream: null, ...... } }, methods: { createPeerConnection() { const that = this //创建 WebRTC 通信通道 that.peerConnection = new RTCPeerConnection(null); that.localStream.getTracks().forEach((track) => { that.peerConnection.addTrack(track, that.localStream); }); //收到服务器码流,将音视频流写入播放器 that.peerConnection.ontrack = (event) => { ...... }; }, async makeCall() { const that = this that.localStream = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({ video: true, audio: true, }); const url = this.playUrl ...... ...... } }
需要注意的是,navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia
获取的是设备摄像头、录音的媒体流,所以设备首先要具备摄像、录音功能,并开启对应权限,否则 api 将调用失败。
三、音视频实时通讯
这种 p2p 场景的流播放,通常需要使用 websocket 建立服务器连接,然后同时播放本地、服务端的流。
Local VideoRemote Video
与播放webrtc协议流相比,p2p 以 WebSocket 替代 ajax 实现 sdp 的发送与接收,增加了本地流的播放功能,其他与播放协议流的代码一致。